Sensitive teeth have pain when they are exposed to hot or cold foods and drinks, brushing, or flossing. You may also feel discomfort or a sudden flash of pain when eating sweet or acidic foods. The pain you feel may be due to receding gums, worn tooth enamel, or worn root surfaces. Healthy teeth are protected by strong enamel, cementum, and good gums.
How teeth become sensitive
Enamel is the outer surface of the crown of the tooth. Cementum is the outer surface of the root of the tooth. The root is typically embedded in bone and covered by the gums. When enamel wears away or the gums recede, dentin or cementum can be exposed. Dentin is the inner layer of the tooth. It's normally covered by enamel and cementum. The most common cause of sensitive teeth is exposed dentin. Acidic foods can wear away the tooth surface. Heavy or incorrect brushing can wear away the surface and expose the dentin. Dentin is connected to the nerve that sets off pain in sensitive teeth.
If you have sensitive teeth
See your dentist if you have sensitive, painful teeth. Your dentist will examine your teeth to find the cause of your tooth sensitivity and advise a treatment plan.
Online Medical Reviewer: Dan Brennan MD
Online Medical Reviewer: Daphne Pierce-Smith RN MSN
Online Medical Reviewer: Sravani Chintapalli
Date Last Reviewed: 05/01/2025
© 2000-2026 The StayWell Company, LLC. All rights reserved. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care. Always follow your healthcare professional's instructions.
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